tion in
birth rates or amajor increase in death rates.
8.2示范段落分析
主题句：the term population explosion is
usually applied to the rapid growth of population over the last three centuries.
提供信息：
数据1：1650-1850；double，reach 1
billion
数据2：1850－1930；double again，reach 2 billion
数据3：1930－1975；double again，reach 4 billion
数据4：1975－2000；exceed 6 billion，approach 7 billion
示范段落8-2
a snake is a strange animal.it walks on its ribs and it smells with its tongue.since its teeth are sharp like
needles and not good for chewing，it swallows its food whole.
8.3示范段落分析
主题句：a snake is a strange animal.
事实1：walks with its ribs and smells with its tongue
事实2：swallows its food whole
8.4关于如何写事实与数据段落的建议
1）不要把事实与看法混为一谈
事实是真实的，因为它们已被证据证实。然而看法只是人们的主观想法，不一定真实。因此，记住用事实而不是用看法支持你的观点。
2）不要使用不相关的数据
如果你为了增加观点的可信度而使用不相关的数据，即使这些数据是真实的，也会引起误解。
exercise 8-1
directions：write a paragraph with statistics as supporting details，using the given topic sentence and
statistics.
statistic：blood pressure before the exam—115／55
statistic：at the end of the exam—155／115
statistic：ten minutes after the exam—150／110
exams apparently have a marked effect on the blood pressure of the
students taking them.___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
exercise 8-2
directions：write a paragraph with facts as supporting details using the given
topic sentence and facts.
fact：william is
the second most common boy's name used in english（the first being john）
fact：history is
full of williams.
a.william of
nor many—conquerer of
england in 1066
b.william
shakespeare—writer
c.william cody—a hero of the wild west
is your name william？if so， you have
company.____________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
第九单元 推展段落方法之二——叙述法
9.1叙述法
叙述法（narration）回答了“发生了什么”（what happened）这一问题。叙述经常用于讲述一系列事件。这种方法常用作小说（fiction）、传记（biographs）的支配方法，也可用作其他各种文体的辅助方法。例如，轶事（anecdotes）、寓言（fables）等都是用叙述形式阐述某一观点。
示范段落9－1
i was seven years old when i first became aware of the terrible
power of guilt.for piling
our toys into the toy box，mother had rewarded my brother and me with five shiny pennies each.if i had ten pennies instead of
just five，i could have
bought a ginger bread man with raisin eyes and sugar－frosted hair.the image danced in my head all day，until，finally，i crept into my brother's room and stole his five pennies.the next morning，as my brother and i were dressing
to go to school，i had all ten
pennies in the pocket of my coat，cramming one of my father's handkerchiefs on top of them.as my brother and i lined up in
front of mother to be kissed goodbye，she looked at my bulging pocket with amazement.“what on earth do you have in your
pocket？she asked.“it's nothing，”i said，as offhandedly as i could.“it's nothing at all.”bewildered，but toobusy to investigate any
further，mother kissed
me goodbye i ran out the door and down our gravel path as fast as my feet could
carry me.but the
farther from home i got，the more miserable i became.the shiny pennies in my pocket felt oppressively like one－ton boulders.and i was haunted by the idea that
i had become a thief.forgotten was the gingerbread man，for whose sake i had stolen my brother's pennies finally，unable to bear my horrible feeling
of guilt，i ran back
home to blurt out my crime to my mother.
9.2示范段落分析
在上面段落中，作者在主题句中阐述了他的观点：i was seven
years old when i first became aware of the terrible power of guilt.然后用一件轶事作为支持这一观点的细节，叙述发生了什么事，并说明了他的观点。
9.3关于如何写叙述段落的建议
1）只着重叙述有意义的事件和经历
尽量避免日常琐事和无聊事，只使用那些有助于阐明你的观点的事件和经历。
2）保持始终如一的着眼点
不管叙述是以第一人称或第三人称进行，都要尽量使语言从叙述者的着眼点（point
of view）反映叙述者的见解和意向。
3）运用细节
写叙述段落时要运用细节，使人物栩栩如生，并在读者的想象中唤起事件发生的那种环境气氛。在描绘人物时也使用细节，使人物血肉丰满，形象生动。
4）使用时间顺序
叙述几乎总是使用时间顺序法来组织细节。（第12单元将讨论时间顺序法）
exercise 9-1
directions：write a paragraph of narration using the given topic sentence.
not knowing a language well can sometimes be embarrassing.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
exercise 9－2
directions：write a paragraph of narration，telling about one of your memorable trip.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第十单元 推展段落方法之三——描述法