to show it off to everyone, he’ll do what’s called popping his collar — he’ll sort of flick his collar to demonstrate the value it has. what guys are doing now with their jerseys is the same thing, only they have taken it to another level.”

11. according to the passage, we can tell that erroll knight is a player for .

a) soccer b) tennis c) basketball d) field hockey

12. the trend in college sports celebrations today, as told in the text, is .

a) innocent but sophisticated b) as fashionable as in the old days

c) beloved by everyone d) pure as well as old-fashioned

13. which of the following statement is true according to the author?

a) popping the jersey is not in vogue any more.

b) the victory of donald brown’s team is out of expectation.

c) n.b.a and college basketball are much the same.

d) people pop their collars because they are dirty.

14. the word “pop” (para 3, l1)in this passage is closest in meaning to which of the following word/phrase?

a) spank b) flick c) popular d) show off

15. the reason why college sports players pop the jerseys is because .

a) their jerseys are exquisitely designed

b) it is a rule of their colleges

c) they are very proud of their sports team

d) it is a form of demonstration of the value being the representative of their schools

passage two

questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

in the 16th century, venetian and french glassmakers perfected a technique of coating glass with an alloy of silver to produce an effective mirror. mirrors soon proliferated in public spaces and private homes, and owning a pocket or hand mirror became a marker of status. the mirror, you might say, was an early personal technology — ingenious, portable, effective — and like all such technologies, it changed its users. by giving us, for the first time, a readily available image of ourselves that matched what others saw, it encouraged self-consciousness and introspection and, as some worried, excesses of vanity.

by the 19th century, it was the machines of the industrial revolution — the power loom, the motor, the turbine — that prompted concern about the effects of technology on the person. karl marx argued that factory work alienated the worker from what he was toiling to produce, transforming him into “a cripple, a monster.” men were forced to become more like machines: efficient, tireless and soulless.

today’s personal technologies, particularly the cellphone and the digital video recorder, have not provoked similar worries. they are marvels of individual choice, convenience and innovation; they represent the democratization of the power of the machine. our technologies are more intuitive, more facile and more responsive than ever before. in a rebuke to marx, we have not become the alienated slaves of the machine; we have made the machines more like us and in the process toppled decades of criticism about the dangerous and potentially enervating effects of our technologies.

16. the word “coat” (line 1, para.1) means .

a) to cover sth. with a layer of sth. b) to combine two different things

c) to make sth. into the shape of a coat d) to put a coat on sth.

17. which of the following statement is true according to the text?

a) soon after being invented, mirrors became unpopular among people.

b) mirrors were first invented by french and vietnamese.

c) karl marx criticized that factory work had turned the workers into thoughtless monsters.

d) the motor is among the machines of ancient inventions.

18. why did some people worried that the mirror might be excesses of vanity?

a) because pocket and hand mirror became a marker of status.

b) because mirrors were extremely expensive during that time.

c) because only wealthy people can afford buying a mirror.

d) because mirrors were invented for important figures.

19. the author’s purpose of writing this article is .

a) to give a definition on modern technology

b) to give evidence to the statement that today’s personal technologies are marvels of individual choice

c) to prove the rebuke of karl marx

d) to illustrate how modern technologies of different times affect people’s life

20. compared with technologies in the 16th and 19th century, technologies today are more .

a) ingenious and portable b) marvelous and effective

c) intuitive and unreliable d) facile and responsive

passage three

questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

bmw’s efforts to harness the creativity of its customers began two years ago when it p