t suspension
bridge in the world
世界上最长的吊桥
listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
how is the bridge supported?
verrazano, an italian about whom little is known, sailed into new york harbour in 1524 and named it angouleme. he described it as 'a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.' though verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on november 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.
the verrazano bridge, which was designed by othmar ammann, joins brooklyn to staten island. it has a span of 4,260 feet. the bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. two great towers support four huge cables. the towers are built on immense underwater platforms make of steel and concrete. the platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. these alone took sixteen months to build. above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. they support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. it has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. however, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer's dream to create 'an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible'.
new words and expressions 生词和短语
suspension
n. 悬，吊
agreeable
adj. 宜人的
situation
n. 地点，地方
locate
v. 位于
immortal
adj. 永生的，流芳百世的
brooklyn
n. 布鲁克林（纽约一区名）
staten
n. 斯塔顿（岛）
span
n. 跨度
cable
n. 缆索
concrete
n. 混凝土
suspend
v. 悬挂
length
n. 根，段
estimate
v. 估计
capacity
n. 承受量
immensity
n. 巨大
elegant
adj. 优美别致的
faintly
adv. 微细地
参考译文
1524年，一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港，并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述：“地理位置十分适宜，位于两座小山的中间，一条大河从中间流过”。虽然维拉萨诺绝对算不上一个伟大的探险家，但他的名字将流芳百世，因为1964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。
维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计，连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛，桥长4,260英尺。由于桥身太长，设计者不得不考虑了地表的形状。两座巨塔支撑着4根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深入海底100英尺。仅这两座塔就花了16个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆，而钢缆又悬吊着大桥，4根钢缆中的每根由26，108股钢绳组成。据估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而，这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽管此桥很大，但它的结构简单，造型优美，实现了设计者企图创造一个“尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物”的梦想。
lesson 18
electric currents in modern art
现代艺术的电流
listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
how might some of the exhibits have been dangerous?
modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more. the idea that modern art can only be seen in museums is mistaken. even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places. strange forms stand in gardens, and outside buildings and shops. we have got quite used to them. some so-called 'modern' pieces have been on display for nearly eighty years.
in spite of this, some people -- including myself -- were surprise by a recent exhibition of modern sculpture. the first thing i saw when i entered the art gallery was a notice which said: 'do not touch the exhibits. some of them are dangerous!' the objects on display were pieces of moving sculpture. oddly shaped forms that are suspended form the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody. these objects, however, were different. lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres. the spheres had been magnetized and attracted or repelled each other all the time. in the centre of the hall, there were a number of tall structures which contained coloured lights. these lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off angrily. it was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment. these peculiar forms not only seemed designed to shock people emotionally, but to give them electric shocks as well!
new words and expressions 生词和短语
current
n. 电流
sculpture
n. 雕塑
mistaken
adj. 错误的
gallery
n. 美术馆
exhibit
n. 展品，陈列品
oddly
adv. 古怪的
attach
v. 连，系
sphere
n. 球体
magnetize
v. 使磁化
repel
v. 排斥
flicker
v. 闪烁
emit
v. 放射
flash
v. 闪光
prehistoric
adj. 史前的，老掉牙的
electronic
adj. 电子的
peculiar
adj. 奇异的
shock
v. 令人震惊，刺激人
emotionally
adv. 事情上
参考译文
现代雕塑不再使我们感到惊讶了。那种认为现代艺术只能在博物馆里才能看到的观点是错误的。即使是对艺术不感兴趣的人也不会注意到在公共场所展示的现代艺术品。公园里、大楼和商店外竖立着的奇形怪状的雕塑，对这些，我们已经司空见惯了。有些所谓的“现代”艺术品在那里已经陈列了近80年了。
尽管如此，最近举办的一次现代雕塑展览还是使一些人（包括我在内）大吃了一惊。走进展厅首先看到的是一张