ation，public health service，education and entertaintment.
first of all，in the city public transport is good and brings people to almost any
place in a short time and for little money while travelling in the countryside
is difficult and costly.on the other hand，heavy traffic and business activities in the city pollute the
environment whereas the air in the countryside is fresh and clean and filled
with bird songs.secondly，people in the city can get advanced
education；however
students in the countryside can not.what's more，if city dwellers are ill，it is easy for them to get treatment in a well-equipped hospital；on the contrary，the rural population has to travel
long distances to see a doctor.finally，the many stores，cinemas，dancing halls and restaurants make life in the city colorful as
opposed to the simple and some people even say boring life in the countryside.
as we have seen，there are still great differences between the city and the
countryside，but further
economic development will certainly reduce the gap between the two in the near
future.
writing assignment for
unit 30
指示：（略）students in colleges and high
schools
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
key words and expressions：
similarities，differences，homework，attend classes，call the parents，under the supervision of，treated as adults，study hard，enjoy sports and games，talk with friends and classmates
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第三十一单元 给出题目作文title-given composition
31.1 introduction
a title-given composition requires students to grasp the ideas
expressed in the title，and to create a piece of writing that has unity，support and coherence. because there is no hints or any
extra information in addition to the title.this kind of writing is comparatively difficult.but students may have a lot of
freedom in writing.
sample test item
directions：write a composition on the topic“should firecrackers be banned？”your composition should be at least 100words.remember to support the main idea
with details and make your conclusion.coherence is also important.
write clearly.
31.2 advice on how to write the composition
1）examine the title carefully and make sure that you understand the
main idea of the title；
2）organize your ideas and write out an outline；
3）produce a topic sentence for each paragraph；
4）draft your essay.
31.3 analysis of the sample test item
1）main idea of the title
the controlling idea is“firecrackers”.you seem to have a lot to write about.but your topic has been limited by the sentence“should…be banned？”it is an interrogative sentence，so it must be a controversial topic.
2）outline of the sample
since it is a controversial topic，different opinions must exist.thus，it is
advisable to write out the conflicting opinions of different people.
a.different
people have different opinions
b.good—reflects the heritage of chinese
culture
adds much to the warm atmosphere
adds emjoyment of people
bad—brings great
economic loss to the country
causes certain disorder in the society
pollutes our environment
c.your own
opinion and conclusion
3）topic sentence of each paragraph
1 firecrackers have been used in
china for hundreds of years.
2 people in china have different
opinions about setting off firecrackers.
3 in my opinion，setting off firecrackers should be
banned.
model essay 31-1
should firecrackers be
banned？
firecrackers have been used in china for hundreds of years.firecrackers were always part of
new year's celebrations，weddings and other important occasions.
in recent years，however，people in china have different opinions about the old custom of
setting off firecrackers.some people think setting off firecrackers is a good thing，because it reflects the heritage of
chinese culture.it also adds
much to the enjoyment of people and the warm atmosphere during important
holidays.but others，on the other hand，believe that setting off
firecrackers should be banned.the main reasons in their eyes are that it not only brings great
economic loss to the country，but also causes certain disorder in the society.furthermore，it pollutes our environment.
in my opinion，setting off firecrackers should be banned.however，we should replace this old custom
with new enjoyable and safe ways of entertainment.only then can we spend our holidays in a peaceful and joyful manner.
exercise for unit 31
d