irections：（略） is failure a bad thing？

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第三十二单元 图表作文writing a composition according

to tables and graphs

32.1 introduction

this kind of writing is an information interpretation process.the information may be given in

numbers，lines or

curves，etc.，usually a few explanations are

given.the

organization of the writing is essential to a good essay of tables and graphs.generally，it is as follows：

general introduction——analysis——conclusion

概要介绍——分析图表——总结概括

that is，in the first paragraph，you have to demonstrate the general situation of what has been

reflected in the table or graph；then，in the second

paragraph，you have to

analyse carefully the numbers，lines or curves，and point out the rate of increase or discrease；in the end，you have to write your own opinion

or comment.

sample test item

directions：write a composition based on the title and the following chart in no

less than 120 words.the causes are given under the horizontal line and the precentage of

the totalof 80 fire incidents is given in the vertical column on the left.write clearly.

leading causes of fires in china（1987）

32.2 basic writing process of the composition

1）have a correct understanding of the given information，and grasp the main idea；

2）make a careful analysis of the information，for example，ask yourself the questions like：

a.who or what

caused the fires？

b.what is the

relationship between cause and frequency of fires？

3）write an outline；

4）use the right technique of writing.（the most common techniques used in this kind of writing is：comparison and contrast.）

32.3 analysis of the sample test item

the main idea of the graph is：fire causes.from the graph，we know that there are three main causes of fires：

a.smokers （nearly50％）

b.defective insulation （38％）

c.children playing with matches （12％）

thus，we can，by comparing the above information，make a comment of the main topic，then reach a conclusion.

model essay 32-1

from the graph above，we can see that fire，one of the most terrible killers in china，is mainly caused by smokers，defective insulations or children

playing with matches.

in 1987，80 fire incidents took place in china.while nearly50％were caused by smokers，38％were caused

by defective insulation，and12％were caused

by children playing with matches.no matter what the type of the fire，we can almost be sure that they were caused by carelessness.

from the graph，we can conclude that smokers are the leading cause of fires，but we also need to educate our

children，warning them

of the dangers of playing with matches and instruct workers be more careful

with insulation.

writing assignment for

unit 32

directions：write a composition based on the statistical table about the total

amount of china import and export.yourcomposition should be no less than 100 words.

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第三十三单元 英文书信写作english letter writing

33.1 introduction

letter writing tests the english letter writing skill of the

examinees.in this unit，we are going to focus on different

types of letter writing，their form and language.we will also give you some advice on how to write an effective

english letter.

33.2 type of letters（信的类型）

english letters are generally divided into two types：

a.personal

letters个人书信

b.business

letters事务书信

33.3 form（格式）

an english letter usually consists of six parts：heading（信头），inside address（收信人地址），salutation（称呼），body（信主体），complimentary close（结尾客套语）and signature（署名）.

1）heading：in the upper right hand corner

of the first page，write your

full address and the date.

2）inside address：on the left side，above the salutation，put the name and full address of

the addressee.however，this is often omitted in personal

letters.

3）salutation：the greeting to the addressee，written flush with the left margin，two spaces below the inside address.a comma follows the salutation in a

personal letter；in a business

letter，it is

followed by a colon（：）.besides，in personal letters，first names are usually used，while in business letters，the surnames are used.

4）body：the contents of the letter.

5）complimentary close：the closing of a letter.

the conventional complimentary closes in business letters are：“yours truly，”“y